ABSTRACT
Background:Patients with xerostomia complain of not only dryness of mouth but also discomfort during routine normal oral functions like speaking and swallowing. These complainis worse in individuals wearing removable intraoral dental prosthesis. In such situations, when salivary flow decreases, denture adhesives and salivary substitutes are recommended; which aid in denture retention and improve patient comfort.Material & Method:A total 150 samples were prepared using heat-cure acrylic resin of 30mm×30mm×5mm. All samples were equally divided in A,B,C,D,E groups,wherein Group A was control group with salivary substitutes.Group B was denture adhesive cream without salivary substitutes.Group C was denture adhesive cream with salivary substitutes.Group D was denture adhesive strips without salivary substitutes.Group E was denture adhesive strips with salivary substitutes.The retentive force was measured for all samples usinguniversal testing machine.Results:Data was collected and statistical analysis was done by one-way ANOVA test followed by post hoc test. The significant difference was found between the retentive forces of cream type and strip type denture adhesives withor without salivary substitutes.Conclusion:From this study, it is concluded that denture adhesive will definitely increases the denture retention. The cream type denture adhesive with salivary substitutes has the most retention than among all groups.
Subject(s)
Adult , Breast Neoplasms/etiology , Breast Neoplasms/pathology , Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/etiology , Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology , Eyelid Neoplasms/etiology , Eyelid Neoplasms/pathology , Female , HIV/pathogenicity , HIV Infections/complications , HIV Infections/drug therapy , HIV Seropositivity , Humans , Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/etiology , Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/pathology , Middle Aged , Prognosis , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedSubject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Animals , Breeding , Child , Child, Preschool , Culicidae , Disease Reservoirs/parasitology , Female , Floods , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Humans , India/epidemiology , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Insect Vectors , Malaria, Falciparum/prevention & control , Male , Middle Aged , Mosquito Control/methods , Patient Acceptance of Health Care , Poverty Areas , Surveys and Questionnaires , Young AdultABSTRACT
The Mass Drug Administration (MDA) done in Surat city (Gujarat) during 2005, revealed good impact on infection and infectivity in mosquitoes and also on microfilaria rate & mean infection density. The overall impact seen was 23% on mf rate, 28% on mean mf density, 65% on infection rate and 50% on infectivity rate in vectors. Indigenous population contribution to microfilaria cases was 9.7%, whereas migratory population contributed 72.2%; predominant 51.9% from Orissa and 20.3% from U.P. Of the total 3640 persons interviewed for MDA compliance in seven zones of the Surat city revealed that actual drug consumption was 76.7% (2792/3640). Another 11.9% although took the drug but did not consume and 11.4% refused. Important reasons for consuming was fear to get the disease (40.7%) and for not consuming; 'will consume after meal' (6.9%), too many tablets (1.7%), seek consent from doctor (1.5%), lack of awareness (1.4%) etc. Refusal was mainly due to the reason as respondents felt apparently healthy. Assessment of IEC activities suggested that main awareness was created by media (local or national TV, banners or handbills, local news papers or mike announcement) alongwith some impact made through NGO's. These observations clearly indicated the utility of effective health education for optimum community participation and shown that it was crucial for successful community based elimination campaign. However some gray areas also suggest the scope for further improvements.
Subject(s)
Animals , Diethylcarbamazine/administration & dosage , Filariasis/drug therapy , Filaricides/administration & dosage , Humans , Microfilariae/drug effects , Patient Compliance , Program Evaluation , Treatment RefusalABSTRACT
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: Two bacterial larvicide (bio-larvicide) formulations--Bacticide and VectoBac containing viable endospores and delta endotoxin of Bacillus thuringiensis var israelensis H-14 were evaluated in 2001 for their mosquito larvicidal efficacy under the operational conditions of urban malaria control programme in Surat city, India. METHODS: Larvicides were applied at the recommended dose in selected breeding habitats of Anopheles (An. stephensi), Aedes (Ae. aegypti) and Culex (Cx. quinquefasciatus) and reductions in the densities of III and IV instars were compared with that of untreated matched controls. RESULTS : At the construction sites in cemented tanks/chambers VectoBac produced reduction in the density of III and IV instar larvae of An. stephensi (98-100%) and Ae. aegypti (100%) in the first week of application whereas Bacticide produced 71-100% reduction in An. stephensi and 100% in Ae. aegypti. Re-application of VectoBac on Day 10 caused better control up to Day 20 when compared with Bacticide. In stagnant water pools, VectoBac produced 27.6-85.3% reduction in the larvae of An. subpictus and 18.5-83.8% in those of Cx. quinquefasciatus whereas Bacticide produced 23.3-30.3% and 39-97.2% reduction in An. subpictus and Cx. quinquefasciatus larval densities in the first week post application, respectively. Bacticide application gave better impact on Cx. quinquefasciatus larvae in the second week after re-application as compared to VectoBac. In storm water drains, VectoBac caused respectively 6.2-100% and 6.4-97.6% reduction in An. subpictus and Cx. quinquefasciatus larvae in the first week of application whereas Bacticide produced 100% and 13.3-98.8% reduction in An. subpictus and Cx. quinquefasciatus larval densities, respectively. INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION: Both the formulations were equally effective on An. subpictus and Cx. quinquefasciatus larvae after a second application. The results showed that application of these biolarvicides would be required at 7-10 day intervals. The health workers engaged in the application of biolarvicides reported a better ease of handling and application of the liquid formulation (VectoBac) than the wettable powder formulation (Bacticide).
Subject(s)
Aedes , Animals , Anopheles , Chemistry, Pharmaceutical , Culex , Humans , India , Insecticides , Malaria/prevention & control , Mosquito Control/methods , Urban PopulationABSTRACT
A clinicopathological study of benign breast lesions in prepubertal female children was done retrospectively for 20 years. Thirty-seven cases of benign breast lesions like fibroadenoma in 22 (59.5%) cases, juvenile fibroadenoma in 9 (24.2%) cases, virginal hypertrophy in 3 (8.1 %) cases, cystosarcoma phylloides, duct papilloma and tuberculosis of the breast in one (2.7%) case each were seen. The majority of the cases of breast lesions were from urban area ie, 34 (91 .9%) cases. The commonest age of occurrence of benign breast lesion was observed between 7.5 and 11.5 years. In 2 (5.4%) cases bilateral virginal hypertrophy was seen. The aim of presenting this paper is to study the occurrence of breast lesions in prepubertal age especially before menarche. In rare case even the possibility of malignancy has to be ruled out.